What is the structure of a battery?

1. Polar plate

Select appropriate specifications and quantities of plates based on the battery capacity to form a combination. During charging and discharging, the active substances at both poles repeatedly expand and contract with changes in volume. In bipolar active materials, the sponge like lead on the cathode plate has a strong binding force, while the lead peroxide on the anode plate has a weak binding force. Therefore, it will gradually detach during charging and discharging, which is the reason for the limited lifespan of lead-acid batteries. To extend the service life of the battery and make it resistant to shock and impact, the improvement of the anode plate becomes an urgent task.

Glass fiber tubular anode plate: This is made by connecting a glass fiber flexible tube to a lead alloy comb shaped grid (core gold), filling lead powder between the flexible tube and the core gold, sealing the flexible tube to change and produce an active substance. Since the active substance does not fall off and has good contact with the electrolyte, it is a very good electrode plate material. The use of batteries with such plates is the only option for electric vehicles. The braided hose is made of glass fiber woven into a tubular bag shape, with good elasticity, resistance to expansion or contraction, and excellent penetration of electrolyte. This hose is the best product and has long had good practical performance.

Paste type electrode plate: It is an active substance formed by coating a paste of lead powder refined from dilute sulfuric acid on a grid made of lead alloy and drying it. This method has always been used on the cathode plate of lead-acid batteries, as well as on the anode plate of batteries in cars and small trucks.

2. Isolation board

It can prevent short circuits between the anode and cathode plates, but will not hinder the flow of ions between the two poles. And after long-term use, it will not deteriorate or release impurities. Lead acid batteries generally use rubber isolation plates.

3. Battery casing

Strong acid resistance and mechanical strength. The battery casing used in electric vehicles is made of strong and tough synthetic resin through special treatment, which has particularly strong mechanical strength. The upper cover is also made of the same material and is hot-melt bonded.

4. Electrolyte

The specific gravity of electrolyte is based on a value of 20 ℃, and the standard specific gravity of electrolyte for electric vehicle batteries when fully charged is 1.280.

5. Liquid outlet plug

The function of the liquid outlet plug is to discharge the gas generated during charging and supplement pure water, and measure the specific gravity.